Genetics may help determine how much caffeine makes one missing, according to recent research, with differences in two specific genes that lead people to consume more, or less of the world's most popular stimulant. Recent research suggests that people who carry the call variation "High consumption" of any of the two genes appear to drink more coffee compared to those who carry the variant of "low." "It really is an incredible story," said Dr.Neil Caporaso, head of the Genetic Epidemiology Branch National Cancer Institute. "People really do not suspect, but genetics has a lot to do with many behaviors such as smoking or consuming alcohol. Now it also has to do with the amount of caffeine they consume." The two genes in question are called CYP1A2 and AHR. The first one was related to the process by which caffeine is metabolized, whereas the AHR regulates the activity of CYP1A2. "Now, it has known for several decades that this particular gene is CYP1A2 that metabolizes caffeine, "Caporaso said." But using a new technology, what we show for the first time is that this gene appears responsible for inherited differences in how people drink coffee " .
Caporaso joined his colleagues in the Faculty of Public Health Harvard University's Brigham and Women's, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and others to report their findings in the edition PLoS Genetics April. The study, funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, noted that more than eight in ten Americans Adults who consume caffeine drink coffee. In the world, caffeine is the most popular psychoactive substance.
90 percent of people on the planet uses some form of it. The finding on the genetic basis of coffee consumption from a highly complex mapping of hereditary traits with specific patterns of caffeine intake of more than 47,000 Americans of European descent in five separate studies. The meta-analysis of studies that were conducted between 1984 and 2001, reviewed the calculations of average caffeine consumption, if available, for each participant's intake of coffee, tea, Coca-Cola and other carbonated beverages, and / or chocolate. By gathering data, Caporaso and his associates found that those who carried the genotype of the highest consumption of CYP1A2 or AHR genes consumed additional 40 mg of caffeine, compared to carrying the genotype the lowest. This, the authors noted, basically equivalent to the amount of coffee can be found in a single can of soda or a third of a cup of coffee. "Here the point is that the way we drink coffee is not just random," said Caporaso, who, like the other sponsors, said he had no conflict of interest. "It is related to genetic luck that it fell. That means we can now divide people between those who metabolize quickly and they do slowly, people with a cup of coffee with enough caffeine to feel all day and people who drink two large cups followed by a Coca-Cola later to achieve the same effect. "
" also turns out that these observations actually go beyond the caffeine, "he continued," because one of the genes we identified are not there simply to metabolize caffeine. Does many things, such as cancer and metabolize compounds for a long list of medicines. "" So now, we have some clear genetic markers we can examine to determine how they might affect several metabolic processes, "Caporaso said." But in the meantime, people should think that caffeine is safe in general. Enjoy. In fact, read about this research while drinking a cup of coffee, "he said slyly.
For his part, Dr. John J. Mulvihill, a member of the American College of Genetics and professor of pediatrics at the University of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City, described the research on caffeine as "another building block of personalized medicine." Basically, it is the individual's unique susceptibility, "he said." We are all set single genes that interact in a unique atmosphere. This case is fascinating because caffeine is a 'friendly' voluntary that most of humanity is drawn. "And while the general notion of having more or less tolerance to caffeine is not a new observation, the clinical utility of this work might eventually have to do with the fact that genes involved in the metabolism of caffeine are related to metabolize other things, "said Mulvihill. That could mean that someday, patients or their physicians could report that are unusually sensitive to caffeine, he said, "because that might be a clue there are prescribed drugs that may have unusual and undesirable effects on the patient. Then, the caffeine may have a good reputation. But it could also be a customizable framework for issues of concern. "
Neil Caporaso, MD, branch chief, genetic epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md., John J. Mulvihill, MD , professor, pediatrics, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, and member, American College of Genetics, PLoS Genetics April 2011
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